Microbiomes of Kefir Grains From Regions of Historical Origin and Their Probiotic Potential

Kefir has attracted interest in the scientific community due to its beneficial properties, such as: improving digestion, antimicrobial action, hypocholesterolemic, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory effects, control of plasma glucose levels, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antiallergic activity. The comparative characteristics microbiomes kefir grains (KG) obtained from regions their historical origin (Caucasus China) is given. diversity compositions was shown using classical microbiological molecular genetic methods, including high-throughput sequencing V4-region bacterial 16S rRNA genes ITS1 region 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S complex yeast rRNA. species Lactobacillus genus are most common cultures grains, while Pichia fermentans , as well rarer Yarrowia lipolytica Galactomyces candidus .